Turkey

country in West Asia and Southeast Europe
Country sovereign_state Q43
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World Factbook

CIA reference data · 4 sections
Geography
Location
Southeastern Europe and Southwestern Asia (that portion of Turkey west of the Bosporus is geographically part of Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria
Climate
temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher in interior
Terrain
high central plateau (Anatolia); narrow coastal plain; several mountain ranges
Natural resources
coal, iron ore, copper, chromium, antimony, mercury, gold, barite, borate, celestite (strontium), emery, feldspar, limestone, magnesite, marble, perlite, pumice, pyrites (sulfur), clay, arable land, hydropower
People & Society
Religions
Muslim 99.8% (mostly Sunni), other 0.2% (mostly Christians and Jews)
Government
Government type
presidential republic
Independence
29 October 1923 (republic proclaimed, succeeding the Ottoman Empire)
National holiday
Republic Day, 29 October (1923)
Legal system
civil law system based on various European systems, notably the Swiss civil code
Economy
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$3.018 trillion (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$35,300 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
3.2% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
58.5% (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate
8.5% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
Germany 9%, USA 6%, UK 6%, UAE 5%, Iraq 5% (2023)
Imports - partners
China 13%, Russia 9%, Germany 9%, Switzerland 6%, USA 5% (2023)
Source: CIA World Factbook · public domain (US gov work, 17 USC §105) · fetched 2026-05-06

Summary

Turkey is a sovereign state[1]. Turkey ranks in the top 6% of sovereign state entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (286,825 views/month).[2]

Key Facts

  • Country: Turkey[3]
  • Head of government: Erdal İnönü[4], Yıldırım Akbulut[5], Turgut Özal[6], Bülent Ulusu[7], Süleyman Demirel[8], Recep Tayyip Erdoğan[9]
  • Continent: Asia[10], Europe[11]
  • Instance of: transcontinental country[12], Mediterranean country[13], country[14], social state[15], regional power[16], secular state[17], successor state[18]
  • Head of state: Recep Tayyip Erdoğan[19]
  • Capital: Ankara[20]
  • Official language: Turkish[21]
  • Currency: Turkish lira[22]
  • Shares border with: Greece[23], Bulgaria[24], Syria[25], Iraq[26], Armenia[27], Iran[28], Georgia[29], Azerbaijan[30], League of Arab States[31], Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic[32], Kingdom of Bulgaria[33], State of Aleppo[34], State of Syria[35], First Syrian Republic[36]
  • Top-level Internet domain: .tr[37]
  • Anthem: İstiklâl Marşı[38]
  • Basic form of government: unitary state[39], presidential system[40]
  • Contains the administrative territorial entity: Adana Province[41], Adıyaman Province[42], Afyonkarahisar Province[43], Ağrı Province[44], Amasya Province[45], Ankara Province[46], Antalya Province[47], Artvin Province[48], Aydın Province[49], Balıkesir Province[50], Bilecik Province[51], Bingöl Province[52], Bitlis Province[53], Bolu Province[54]

Body

Cultural Significance

Things named for Turkey include turquoise[55], a mineral species[56]; Toruko rice[57], a type of food or dish[58]; MIKTA[59], a geopolitical group[60]; turquerie[61], an art style[62]; and CIVETS[63], an acronym[64], in Colombia[65].

Why It Matters

Turkey has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[66] Turkey is known by 85 alternative names across languages and contexts.[67]

Entities named for Turkey include turquoise[55], a mineral species[56]; Toruko rice[57], a type of food or dish[58]; MIKTA[59], a geopolitical group[60]; turquerie[61], an art style[62]; and CIVETS[63], an acronym[64], in Colombia[65].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [4] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  2. [5] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  3. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  4. [7] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  5. [8] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  6. [9] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  7. [3] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [10] ↑ . workwithdata.com. Retrieved . workwithdata.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  9. [11] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  10. [12] ↑ . Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  11. [13] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  12. [14] ↑ . cia.gov. Retrieved . cia.gov. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  13. [15] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  14. [16] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  15. [17] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  16. [18] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  17. [19] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  18. [20] ↑ . Brockhaus Enzyklopädie. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  19. [21] ↑ . Constitution of Turkey. wikidata.org.
  20. [22] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  21. [23] ↑ . Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  22. [24] ↑ . Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  23. [25] ↑ . Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  24. [26] ↑ . Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  25. [27] ↑ . Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  26. [28] ↑ . Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  27. [29] ↑ . Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  28. [30] ↑ . Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  29. [31] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  30. [32] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  31. [33] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  32. [34] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  33. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  34. [36] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  35. [37] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  36. [38] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  37. [39] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  38. [40] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  39. [41] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  40. [42] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  41. [43] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  42. [44] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  43. [45] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  44. [46] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  45. [47] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  46. [48] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  47. [49] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  48. [50] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  49. [51] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  50. [52] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  51. [53] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  52. [54] ↑ . wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [55] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [57] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [59] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [61] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [63] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [56] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [58] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [60] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [62] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [64] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [65] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Class ancestry

  1. [1] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [2] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [66] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [67] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

📑 Cite this page

Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Turkey. Retrieved October 24, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/turkey
MLA “Turkey.” 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph, 4ort.xyz, 24 Oct. 2026, https://4ort.xyz/entity/turkey.
BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_turkey_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Turkey}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/turkey}, note = {Accessed: 2026-10-24}}
LLM prompt According to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): Turkey — https://4ort.xyz/entity/turkey (retrieved 2026-10-24)

Canonical URL: https://4ort.xyz/entity/turkey · Last refreshed:

Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 2h ago · Liple · 2026-10-24 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Coat of arms image → Emblem of Turkey.svg
    Sitelink count → 428
    Wikipedia languages → ['ab', 'abstract', 'ace', 'ady', 'af', 'als', 'alt', 'am', 'ami', 'an', 'ang', '
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbremoveclaims-remove:1| */ Coat of arms image: Proposed national emblem of Turkey 1925.svg"
  2. 19h ago · BorkedBot bot · 2026-10-24 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetqualifier-add:1| */ Subject named as: Turkey, update metadata from fandom API ([[:toolforge:editgroups/b/CB/fb2d267272cf|details]])"
  3. 1d ago · Liple · 2026-10-23 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Coat of arms image → Emblem of Turkey.svg
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Coat of arms image: Proposed national emblem of Turkey 1925.svg"
  4. 4d ago · Tomodachi94 · 2026-10-20 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Fandom article id → you:Turkey, turkey:Turkey_(country), cities:Turkey +3
    Sitelink count → 428
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Fandom article id: historica:Turkey, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/300123717|Turkey (#300123717)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/8197|Historica Wiki a"
  5. 6d ago · Sadads · 2026-10-18 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Sitelink count → 428
    Wikipedia languages → ['ab', 'abstract', 'ace', 'ady', 'af', 'als', 'alt', 'am', 'ami', 'an', 'ang', '
    P14968 → January 19
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14968: Q2266, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/291586|batch #291586]]"
  6. 5w ago · ならちゃん · 2026-09-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Nhk one news topic id → E0000000385
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/54972|batch #54972]]"
  7. 7w ago · Reinheitsgebot bot · 2026-09-03 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Copyright status → public domain
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Copyright status: public domain, #quickstatements; WikiFlix C1: pre-1900 film, PD by age; invoked by wikiflix"
  8. 7w ago · Bouzinac · 2026-08-31 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Has cause → Turkish military operation in Afrin
    Participant in → Spain–Turkey relations, Turkish military operation in Afrin
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Participant in: Turkish military operation in Afrin, using [[User:Frettie/consistency check add.js]]"
  9. 11w ago · Andre Engels · 2026-08-06 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Fandom article id → you:Turkey, turkey:Turkey_(country), cities:Turkey +3
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Fandom article id: apple:Türkiye, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/143414374|Türkiye (#143414374)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/5500|Apple Wiki (Fandom"
  10. 11w ago · WikiLucas00 · 2026-08-02 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Pronunciation audio → Lb-Tierkei.ogg, LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Turcia.wav, LL-Q652 (ita)-Francyskus-Turchia.wav +1
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Pronunciation audio: LL-Q33573 (kin)-Adygrafix250-Turukiya.wav"
  11. 12w ago · Bouzinac · 2026-08-01 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Coordinates of geographic center → {'lat': 38.9637, 'lon': 35.2433}
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/44771|batch #44771]]"
  12. 12w ago · אביעדר · 2026-07-30 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    National library of israel j9u id → 987007550213105171
    Image → Historical peninsula and modern skyline of Istanbul.jpg
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1 */ National library of israel j9u id: 987007550213105171"
  13. 12w ago · Lionel Cristiano · 2026-07-29 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Image → Historical peninsula and modern skyline of Istanbul.jpg
    "/* wbremoveclaims-remove:1| */ Image: Ankara (16290014657).jpg"
  14. 13w ago · Jberkel · 2026-07-25 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Pronunciation audio → Lb-Tierkei.ogg, LL-Q7913 (ron)-KlaudiuMihaila-Turcia.wav, LL-Q652 (ita)-Francyskus-Turchia.wav +1
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Pronunciation audio: LL-Q652 (ita)-Francyskus-Turchia.wav, Adding Italian pronunciation audio"
  15. 13w ago · Pierrotrgr · 2026-07-24 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Biblissima authority id → Sierra Nevada
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Biblissima authority id: Q26894, Import ID Biblissima V3 ([[:toollabs:editgroups/b/OR/a6710164cdc|details]])"
  16. 13w ago · OBender12 · 2026-07-24 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Jewish encyclopedia id → 14546
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Jewish encyclopedia id: 14546, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/167485250|TURKEY (#167485250)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/6351|Jewish Encyclopedia]] #"
  17. 13w ago · InternetArchiveBot bot · 2026-07-23 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Bibliothèque nationale de france id → 118656641, 119337213
    "/* wbeditentity-statements-multiple-properties-update:0||3 */ Rescuing 1 sources and submitting 0 for archiving. #IABot (v2.0.9.5)"
  18. 16w ago · Andre Engels · 2026-07-02 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Süddeutsche zeitung topic id → T%C3%BCrkei
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Süddeutsche zeitung topic id: T%C3%BCrkei, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/213758654|Türkei (#213758654)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7168|Süddeutsche"
  19. 16w ago · Printstream · 2026-07-01 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14586 → 79521
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14586: 79521, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1782930762135"
  20. 16w ago · VGMaintenanceBot bot · 2026-06-29 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Idref id → 026402564, 027254755
    "/* wbsetqualifier-add:1| */ Mediawiki page id: 40382, Add qualifier to ICANNWiki page ID `Türkiye`"
  21. 17w ago · Spiral6800 · 2026-06-27 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Icannwiki page id → Türkiye
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Icannwiki page id: Türkiye, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/294328165|Türkiye (#294328165)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/8064|ICANNWiki]] #mix'n'matc"
  22. 17w ago · DanGFSouza · 2026-06-22 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    World encyclopedia of puppetry arts id → turkey
    Eska.pl topic id → tg-dsUx-URHz-uZkp
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ World encyclopedia of puppetry arts id: turkey, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/78449440|Turkey (#78449440)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/2703|World En"
  23. 18w ago · LadyData · 2026-06-14 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Fandom wiki id → turkey
    P14470 → Locations/Turkey
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ P14470: Locations/Turkey, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/293244832|Turkey (#293244832)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7990|Giant Bomb Wiki"
  24. 19w ago · Jindřich Rubeš · 2026-06-11 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Svkkl authority id → g0001694-Turecko
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Svkkl authority id: g0001694-Turecko, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259496|batch #259496]]"
  25. 22w ago · Trivialist · 2026-05-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Harper's tag → turkey
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Harper's tag: turkey, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/289972429|turkey (#289972429)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7915|Harper's tag]] #mix'n'mat"
  26. 23w ago · Quesotiotyo · 2026-05-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Dbnl country id → turki01
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Dbnl country id: turki01, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/257631|batch #257631]]"
  27. 24w ago · MarisDreshmanisBot bot · 2026-05-06 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Fandom article id → you:Turkey, turkey:Turkey_(country), cities:Turkey +3
    "/* wbeditentity-update-languages-short:0||btm, ban, trv, ia, nap, gn, chy, be-x-old, yo, avk, hak, am, bjn, mg, gag, dsb, lmo, bar, nrm, wuu, mhr, gor, srn, kv, zh-yue, shi, new, sh, lij, simple, xal,"
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