Eritrea
country in the Horn of Africa
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World Factbook
CIA reference data · 4 sections
Geography
Location
Eastern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Djibouti and Sudan
Climate
hot, dry desert strip along Red Sea coast; cooler and wetter in the central highlands (up to 61 cm of rainfall annually, heaviest June to September); semiarid in western hills and lowlands
Terrain
dominated by extension of Ethiopian north-south trending highlands, descending on the east to a coastal desert plain, on the northwest to hilly terrain and on the southwest to flat-to-rolling plains
Natural resources
gold, potash, zinc, copper, salt, possibly oil and natural gas, fish
People & Society
Languages
Tigrinya (official), Arabic (official), English (official), Tigre, Kunama, Afar, other Cushitic languages
Religions
Eritrean Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Evangelical Lutheran, Sunni Muslim
Government
Government type
authoritarian
Independence
24 May 1993 (from Ethiopia)
National holiday
Independence Day, 24 May (1991)
Legal system
mixed system of civil, customary, and Islamic religious law
Economy
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$2.534 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$700 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
5% (2017 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
7.4% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate
5.6% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
China 67%, UAE 26%, Philippines 5%, Italy 1%, Croatia 1% (2023)
Imports - partners
China 32%, UAE 27%, Turkey 9%, USA 7%, Italy 5% (2023)
Source: CIA World Factbook · public domain (US gov work, 17 USC §105) · fetched 2026-05-06
Eritrea
Summary
Eritrea is a sovereign state[1]. Eritrea has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[2]
Key Facts
- Eritrea was a member of United Nations[3].
- Eritrea was a member of African Union[4].
- Eritrea was a member of International Bank for Reconstruction and Development[5].
- Eritrea was a member of International Development Association[6].
- Eritrea was a member of International Finance Corporation[7].
- Eritrea was a member of Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency[8].
- Eritrea is in the country of Eritrea[9].
- Eritrea's head of government is recorded as Isaias Afwerki[10].
- Eritrea is on the continent of Africa[11].
- Eritrea's instance of is recorded as sovereign state[12].
- Eritrea's instance of is recorded as country[13].
- Eritrea's head of state is recorded as Isaias Afwerki[14].
- Eritrea's capital is recorded as Asmara[15].
- Eritrea's official language is recorded as Tigrinya[16].
- Eritrea's official language is recorded as Arabic[17].
- Eritrea's official language is recorded as English[18].
- Eritrea's currency is recorded as nakfa[19].
- Eritrea's shares border with is recorded as Sudan[20].
- Eritrea's shares border with is recorded as Djibouti[21].
- Eritrea's shares border with is recorded as Ethiopia[22].
- Eritrea's shares border with is recorded as League of Arab States[23].
- Eritrea's top-level Internet domain is recorded as .er[24].
- Eritrea's anthem is recorded as Ertra, Ertra, Ertra[25].
- Red Sea is named after Eritrea[26].
- Eritrea's contains the administrative territorial entity is recorded as Anseba Region[27].
Body
Geography
Eritrea is in the country of Eritrea[9]. Eritrea is on the continent of Africa[11].
Designation and Status
Recorded instance of include sovereign state[12] and country[13].
History and Context
Red Sea is named after Eritrea[26].
Why It Matters
Eritrea has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[2] Eritrea is known by 31 alternative names across languages and contexts.[28]