Romania

country in Southeast Europe
Country sovereign_state Q218
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Romania is a country located in Europe [1]. It was established on January 24, 1859 . The official language of the country is Romanian [2].

The head of government is Ilie Bolojan [3]. As of 2022, the population stands at 19.1 million [4][5]. The total area of the nation is 238k .

World Factbook

CIA reference data · 4 sections
Geography
Location
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Ukraine
Climate
temperate; cold, cloudy winters with frequent snow and fog; sunny summers with frequent showers and thunderstorms
Terrain
central Transylvanian Basin is separated from the Moldavian Plateau on the east by the Eastern Carpathian Mountains and separated from the Walachian Plain on the south by the Transylvanian Alps
Natural resources
petroleum (reserves declining), timber, natural gas, coal, iron ore, salt, arable land, hydropower
People & Society
Religions
Romanian Orthodox 85.3%, Roman Catholic 4.5%, Reformed 3%, Pentecostal 2.5%, other 4.7% (2021 est.)
Government
Government type
semi-presidential republic
Independence
9 May 1877 (independence proclaimed from the Ottoman Empire; 13 July 1878 (independence recognized by the Treaty of Berlin); 26 March 1881 (kingdom proclaimed); 30 December 1947 (republic proclaimed)
National holiday
Unification Day (unification of Romania and Transylvania), 1 December (1918)
Legal system
civil law system
Economy
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$774.376 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$40,600 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
0.8% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
5.7% (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate
5.4% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
Germany 19%, Italy 10%, France 6%, UK 5%, Hungary 4% (2023)
Imports - partners
Germany 19%, Italy 8%, Hungary 6%, Poland 6%, China 6% (2023)
Source: CIA World Factbook · public domain (US gov work, 17 USC §105) · fetched 2026-05-06

Key Facts

  • Country: Romania[2]
  • Head of government: Ilie Bolojan[3], Luca Niculescu[4]
  • Continent: Europe[5]
  • Instance of: country[6], nation state[7]
  • Head of state: Nicușor Dan[8]
  • Capital: Bucharest[9]
  • Official language: Romanian[10]
  • Currency: Romanian Leu[11]
  • Shares border with: Ukraine[12], Hungary[13], Serbia[14], Bulgaria[15], Moldova[16]
  • Top-level Internet domain: .ro[17]
  • Anthem: Deșteaptă-te, române![18]
  • Basic form of government: semi-presidential system[19], unitary state[20]
  • Named after: Ancient Rome[21]
  • Contains the administrative territorial entity: Alba County[22], Arad County[23], Argeș County[24], Bacău County[25], Bihor County[26], Bistrița-Năsăud County[27], Botoșani County[28], Brașov County[29], Brăila County[30], Buzău County[31], Caraș-Severin County[32], Călărași County[33], Cluj County[34], Constanța County[35]
  • Flag: flag of Romania[36]
  • Legislative body: Parliament of Romania[37]
  • Executive body: Government of Romania[38]
  • Highest judicial authority: High Court of Cassation and Justice[39]
  • Coat of arms: coat of arms of Romania[40]

Body

Cultural Significance

Things named for Romania include Dunst Opening[41], an irregular chess opening[42]; House of Romania[43], a royal house[44], founded in 2011[45]; 7986 Romania[46], an asteroid[47]; and RecensământRomânia.Ro[48], a website[49].

Why It Matters

Entities named for Romania include Dunst Opening[41], an irregular chess opening[42]; House of Romania[43], a royal house[44], founded in 2011[45]; 7986 Romania[46], an asteroid[47]; and RecensământRomânia.Ro[48], a website[49].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [3] ↑ . digi24.ro. Retrieved . digi24.ro. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  2. [4] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  3. [2] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  4. [5] ↑ . workwithdata.com. Retrieved . workwithdata.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  5. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  6. [7] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  7. [8] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [9] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  9. [10] ↑ . Constitution of Romania. cdep.ro. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  10. [11] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  11. [12] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  12. [13] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  13. [14] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  14. [15] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  15. [16] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  16. [17] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  17. [18] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  18. [19] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  19. [20] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  20. [21] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  21. [22] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  22. [23] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  23. [24] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  24. [25] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  25. [26] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  26. [27] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  27. [28] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  28. [29] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  29. [30] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  30. [31] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  31. [32] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  32. [33] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  33. [34] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  34. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  35. [36] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  36. [37] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  37. [38] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  38. [39] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  39. [40] ↑ . wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [41] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [43] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [46] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [48] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [42] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [44] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [45] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [47] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [49] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Class ancestry

  1. [1] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

📑 Cite this page

Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Romania. Retrieved October 30, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/romania
MLA “Romania.” 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph, 4ort.xyz, 30 Oct. 2026, https://4ort.xyz/entity/romania.
BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_romania_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Romania}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/romania}, note = {Accessed: 2026-10-30}}
LLM prompt According to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): Romania — https://4ort.xyz/entity/romania (retrieved 2026-10-30)

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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 10d ago · Lucas Werkmeister · 2026-10-22 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1 */ Member of: Schengen Area"
  2. 12d ago · Profesorul Blazat · 2026-10-20 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Head of government → Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu, Emil Boc, Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu +70
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Head of government: Luca Niculescu"
  3. 13d ago · Profesorul Blazat · 2026-10-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Coextensive with → Romania
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Coextensive with: Romania"
  4. 13d ago · Salgo60 · 2026-10-18 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Diplomatic relation → Canada, Italy, Germany +149
    P14968 → Peace River
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14968: Q2220, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/291594|batch #291594]]"
  5. 14d ago · Profesorul Blazat · 2026-10-18 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Diplomatic relation → Canada, Italy, Germany +149
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Diplomatic relation: Angola"
  6. 14d ago · Profesorul Blazat · 2026-10-18 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Diplomatic relation → Canada, Italy, Germany +149
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Diplomatic relation: Somalia"
  7. 14d ago · Profesorul Blazat · 2026-10-18 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Diplomatic relation → Canada, Italy, Germany +149
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1|1 */ Diplomatic relation: Saudi Arabia"
  8. 14d ago · Profesorul Blazat · 2026-10-18 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1|2 */ Shares border with: Yugoslavia"
  9. 15d ago · Powerek38 · 2026-10-17 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Eska.pl topic id → tg-DKdh-sZHW-dohr
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Eska.pl topic id: tg-DKdh-sZHW-dohr, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/250719582|Rumunia (#250719582)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7420|eska.pl topic]"
  10. 15d ago · Profesorul Blazat · 2026-10-16 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1|1 */ Diplomatic relation: Thailand"
  11. 26d ago · Paul Jivcovici · 2026-10-06 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Image → Many Stamps of Romania.jpg
    Image commons → —
    Image url → —
    Image artist → —
    + 6 other properties edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1 */ Part of: Schengen Area"
  12. 4w ago · Paul Jivcovici · 2026-09-29 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Sitelink count → 348
    Wikipedia languages → ['ab', 'abstract', 'ace', 'ady', 'af', 'als', 'am', 'ami', 'an', 'ang', 'ann', '
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1|2 */ Member of: Schengen Area"
  13. 5w ago · Infovarius · 2026-09-23 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Replaces → United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, Socialist Republic of Romania
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Replaces: Socialist Republic of Romania, using [[User:Frettie/consistency check add.js]]"
  14. 5w ago · Pallor · 2026-09-22 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Replaces → United Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, Socialist Republic of Romania
    "/* wbremoveclaims-remove:1| */ Replaces: Socialist Republic of Romania"
  15. 6w ago · ならちゃん · 2026-09-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Nhk one news topic id → E0000000722
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/54972|batch #54972]]"
  16. 7w ago · Profesorul Blazat · 2026-09-12 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Inception → +1330-00-00T00:00:00Z
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1 */ Inception: 1330"
  17. 10w ago · Bouzinac · 2026-08-16 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Owner of → Vâlcele–Bujoreni Vâlcea railway, Brăila, Oravița railway station +7
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Owner of: Râmnicu Vâlcea railway station, using [[User:Frettie/consistency check add.js]]"
  18. 12w ago · Profesorul Blazat · 2026-08-05 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Basic form of government → semi-presidential system, authoritarianism, constitutional monarchy +3
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Basic form of government: semi-presidential system"
  19. 12w ago · MatSuBot bot · 2026-08-03 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Language used → Romanian, Vlax Romani, Romanian Sign Language +8
    "/* wbeditentity-update-languages-short:0||no, kaj */ import labels from sitelinks; cleanup"
  20. 13w ago · Profesorul Blazat · 2026-08-02 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Instance of → sovereign state, country, nation state
    Language used → Romanian, Vlax Romani, Romanian Sign Language +8
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Language used: German"
  21. 13w ago · Bouzinac · 2026-08-01 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Coordinates of geographic center → {'lat': 45.9432, 'lon': 24.9668}
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/44771|batch #44771]]"
  22. 13w ago · Ђидо · 2026-07-28 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Shares border with → Ukraine, Hungary, Serbia +10
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1|1 */ Shares border with: Serbia and Montenegro"
  23. 14w ago · Kirilloparma · 2026-07-25 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14470 → Locations/Romania
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ P14470: Locations/Romania, Adding missing [[P:P14470|P14470]] and [[P:P9675|P9675]] qualifier based on [[P:P5247|P5247]]"
  24. 14w ago · Jberkel · 2026-07-25 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Pronunciation audio → Lb-Rumänien.ogg, LL-Q33810 (ori)-Psubhashish-ରୋମାନିଆ.wav, LL-Q652 (ita)-Francyskus-Romania.wav
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Pronunciation audio: LL-Q652 (ita)-Francyskus-Romania.wav, Adding Italian pronunciation audio"
  25. 14w ago · Pierrotrgr · 2026-07-24 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Biblissima authority id → Sutton County
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Biblissima authority id: Q26891, Import ID Biblissima V3 ([[:toollabs:editgroups/b/OR/a6710164cdc|details]])"
  26. 14w ago · OBender12 · 2026-07-23 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Jewish encyclopedia id → 12939
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Jewish encyclopedia id: 12939, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/167483943|RUMANIA (#167483943)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/6351|Jewish Encyclopedia]] "
  27. 14w ago · FitikWasTaken · 2026-07-23 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Total fertility rate → {'amount': '+1.3'}, {'amount': '+1.31'}, {'amount': '+1.27'} +22
    Highest judicial authority → High Court of Cassation and Justice
    Democracy index → {'amount': '+6.4'}, {'amount': '+6.49'}, {'amount': '+6.38'} +6
    "/* wbeditentity-update-languages-short:0||isv-cyrl, isv-latn */"
  28. 14w ago · Profesorul Blazat · 2026-07-20 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Maintained by wikiproject → WikiProject Romania
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Maintained by wikiproject: WikiProject Romania"
  29. 16w ago · Nyuhn · 2026-07-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14541 → 1fqo7m
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/40849|batch #40849]]: ZGBK ID"
  30. 20w ago · Susmuffin · 2026-06-13 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Harper's tag → romania
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Harper's tag: romania, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/289964652|romania (#289964652)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7915|Harper's tag]] #mix'n'm"
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