Azerbaijan
country in the Caucasus in Eastern Europe and Western Asia
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World Factbook
CIA reference data · 4 sections
Geography
Location
Southwestern Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between Iran and Russia, with a small European portion north of the Caucasus range
Climate
dry, semiarid steppe
Terrain
large, flat Kur-Araz Ovaligi (Kura-Araks Lowland, much of it below sea level) with Great Caucasus Mountains to the north, Qarabag Yaylasi (Karabakh Upland) to the west; Baku lies on Abseron Yasaqligi (Apsheron Peninsula) that juts into Caspian Sea
Natural resources
petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, nonferrous metals, bauxite
People & Society
Religions
Muslim 97.3% (predominantly Shia), Christian 2.6%, other <0.1, unaffiliated <0.1 (2020 est.)
Government
Government type
presidential republic
Independence
30 August 1991 (declared from the Soviet Union); 18 October 1991 (adopted by the Supreme Council of Azerbaijan)
National holiday
Republic Day (founding of the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan), 28 May (1918)
Legal system
civil law system
Economy
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$225.198 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$22,100 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
4.1% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
2.2% (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate
5.6% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
Italy 37%, Turkey 19%, Israel 5%, Greece 4%, Russia 4% (2023)
Imports - partners
Russia 17%, China 16%, Turkey 14%, Georgia 4%, Germany 4% (2023)
Source: CIA World Factbook · public domain (US gov work, 17 USC §105) · fetched 2026-05-06
Summary
Azerbaijan is a sovereign state[1]. Azerbaijan draws 205,511 Wikipedia views per month (sovereign state category, ranking #54 of 197).[2]
Key Facts
- Country: Azerbaijan[3]
- Head of government: Ali Asadov[4]
- Continent: Asia[5], Europe[6]
- Instance of: country[7], landlocked country[8], country sometimes considered transcontinental[9]
- Head of state: Ilham Aliyev[10]
- Capital: Baku[11]
- Official language: Azerbaijani[12], Azerbaijani Sign Language[13]
- Currency: Azerbaijani manat[14]
- Shares border with: Armenia[15], Iran[16], Turkey[17], Russia[18], Georgia[19]
- Top-level Internet domain: .az[20]
- Anthem: Azərbaycan marşı[21]
- Item operated: Embassy of Azerbaijan, Vilnius[22]
- Basic form of government: republic[23], unitary state[24], semi-presidential system[25]
- Named after: Atropatene[26]
- Contains the administrative territorial entity: Absheron District[27], Aghjabadi District[28], Aghdam District[29], Aghdash District[30], Aghstafa District[31], Agsu District[32], Shirvan[33], Astara District[34], Baku[35], Balakan District[36], Barda District[37], Beylagan District[38], Bilasuvar District[39], Jabrayil District[40]
Body
Cultural Significance
Things named for Azerbaijan include 2698 Azerbajdzhan[41], an asteroid[42].
Why It Matters
Azerbaijan has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[43] Azerbaijan is known by 73 alternative names across languages and contexts.[44]
Entities named for Azerbaijan include 2698 Azerbajdzhan[41], an asteroid[42].