Tanzania
country in East Africa
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World Factbook
CIA reference data · 4 sections
Geography
Location
Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique
Climate
varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands
Terrain
plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south
Natural resources
hydropower, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones (including tanzanite, found only in Tanzania), gold, natural gas, nickel
People & Society
Religions
Christian 63.1%, Muslim 34.1%, folk religion 1.1%, Buddhist <1%, Hindu <1%, Jewish <1%, other <1%, unspecified 1.6% (2020 est.)
Government
Government type
presidential republic
Independence
26 April 1964 (Tanganyika united with Zanzibar to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar); 29 October 1964 (renamed United Republic of Tanzania); notable earlier dates: 9 December 1961 (Tanganyika became independent from UK-administered UN trusteeship); 10 December 1963 (Zanzibar became independent from UK)
National holiday
Union Day (Tanganyika and Zanzibar), 26 April (1964)
Legal system
English common law; judicial review of legislative acts limited to matters of interpretation
Economy
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$246.706 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$3,700 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
5.5% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
3.1% (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate
2.6% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
India 15%, UAE 14%, Uganda 12%, South Africa 10%, China 6% (2023)
Imports - partners
China 32%, India 13%, UAE 9%, Saudi Arabia 5%, Japan 4% (2023)
Source: CIA World Factbook · public domain (US gov work, 17 USC §105) · fetched 2026-05-06
Summary
Tanzania is a republic[1]. Tanzania ranks in the top 9% of republic entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (58,484 views/month).[2]
Key Facts
- Ethnic group: Bantu people[3]
- Country: Tanzania[4]
- Head of government: Samia Suluhu Hassan[5]
- Continent: Africa[6]
- Instance of: sovereign state[7], country[8]
- Head of state: Samia Suluhu Hassan[9]
- Capital: Dodoma[10]
- Official language: Swahili[11], English[12]
- Currency: Tanzanian shilling[13]
- Shares border with: Kenya[14], Uganda[15], Rwanda[16], Burundi[17], Democratic Republic of the Congo[18], Zambia[19], Malawi[20], Mozambique[21], Lake Victoria[22], Seychelles[23]
- Top-level Internet domain: .tz[24]
- Anthem: Mungu ibariki Afrika[25]
- Named after: Tanganyika[26], Zanzibar Islands[27]
- Contains the administrative territorial entity: Mwanza Region[28], Shinyanga Region[29], Dar es Salaam Region[30], Mbeya Region[31], Kagera Region[32], Morogoro Region[33], Tabora Region[34], Dodoma Region[35], Kigoma Region[36], Tanga Region[37], Iringa Region[38], Kilimanjaro Region[39], Mara Region[40], Arusha Region[41]
- Flag: flag of Tanzania[42]
- Legislative body: National Assembly[43]
- Executive body: Cabinet of Tanzania[44]
- Coat of arms: coat of arms of Tanzania[45]
Body
Influence
Things named for Tanzania include tanzanite[46], a mineral variety[47]; Tanzania craton[48], a craton[49]; and Tanzanian illadopsis[50], a taxon[51].
Why It Matters
Tanzania has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[52] Tanzania is known by 46 alternative names across languages and contexts.[53]
Entities named for Tanzania include tanzanite[46], a mineral variety[47]; Tanzania craton[48], a craton[49]; and Tanzanian illadopsis[50], a taxon[51].