Peru

sovereign state in South America
Country sovereign_state Q419
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Peru is a country located on the continent of South America [1]. It was established on July 28, 1821 . The capital of Peru is Lima [2]. As of 2023, the population of Peru is approximately 33.7 million people [3]. The country operates on Peru Time, which is UTC−05:00, and uses the America/Lima time zone [4].

World Factbook

CIA reference data · 4 sections
Geography
Location
Western South America, bordering the South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and Ecuador
Climate
varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes
Terrain
western coastal plain (costa), high and rugged Andes in center (sierra), eastern lowland jungle of Amazon Basin (selva)
Natural resources
copper, silver, gold, petroleum, timber, fish, iron ore, coal, phosphate, potash, hydropower, natural gas
People & Society
Religions
Catholic 76%, Evangelical Christian 15.7%, no religion 5.1%, other religions 3.2% (2017 est.)
Government
Government type
presidential republic
Independence
28 July 1821 (from Spain)
National holiday
Independence Day, 28-29 July (1821)
Legal system
civil law system
Economy
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$535.911 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$15,700 (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
3.3% (2024 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
2% (2024 est.)
Unemployment rate
4.9% (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
China 34%, USA 14%, Canada 5%, India 4%, Switzerland 4% (2023)
Imports - partners
China 26%, USA 21%, Brazil 7%, Argentina 5%, Mexico 3% (2023)
Source: CIA World Factbook · public domain (US gov work, 17 USC §105) · fetched 2026-05-06

Peru

Summary

Peru is a sovereign state[1]. Peru draws 6,481 Wikipedia views per month (sovereign_state category, ranking #104 of 197).[2]

Key Facts

  • Peru is identified as part of the Peruvians ethnic group[3].
  • Peru is in the country of Peru[4].
  • Peru is on the body of water Pacific Ocean[5].
  • Peru is on the body of water Grau Sea[6].
  • Peru's head of government is recorded as José María Balcázar[7].
  • Peru is on the continent of South America[8].
  • Peru's instance of is recorded as sovereign state[9].
  • Peru's instance of is recorded as country[10].
  • Peru's head of state is recorded as José Jerí[11].
  • Peru's head of state is recorded as José María Balcázar[12].
  • Peru's capital is recorded as Lima[13].
  • Peru's official language is recorded as Spanish[14].
  • Peru's official language is recorded as Aymara[15].
  • Peru's official language is recorded as Quechua[16].
  • Peru's currency is recorded as Nuevo sol[17].
  • Peru's shares border with is recorded as Ecuador[18].
  • Peru's shares border with is recorded as Colombia[19].
  • Peru's shares border with is recorded as Bolivia[20].
  • Peru's shares border with is recorded as Brazil[21].
  • Peru's shares border with is recorded as Chile[22].
  • Peru's top-level Internet domain is recorded as .pe[23].
  • Peru's anthem is recorded as National Anthem of Peru[24].
  • Peru's basic form of government is recorded as presidential system[25].
  • Peru's contains the administrative territorial entity is recorded as Amazonas Department[26].
  • Peru's contains the administrative territorial entity is recorded as Áncash Department[27].

Body

Geography

Peru is in the country of Peru[4]. Adjacent water bodies include Pacific Ocean[5], an ocean[28] and Grau Sea[6], a sea[29]. Peru is on the continent of South America[8]. Peru is part of Latin America[30].

Designation and Status

Recorded instance of include sovereign state[9] and country[10].

Cultural Significance

Things named for Peru include Meleagris[31], a taxon[32]; Peruvians[33], a human population[34]; Perucetus[35], a fossil taxon[36]; Peru–Chile Trench[37], an oceanic trench[38]; 2007 Peru earthquake[39], an earthquake[40]; Cephalotes peruviensis[41], a taxon[42]; and Spaethaspis peruviana[43], a taxon[44].

Why It Matters

Peru draws 6,481 Wikipedia views per month (sovereign_state category, ranking #104 of 197).[2] Peru has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[45] Peru is known by 46 alternative names across languages and contexts.[46]

Entities named for Peru include Meleagris[31], a taxon[32]; Peruvians[33], a human population[34]; Perucetus[35], a fossil taxon[36]; Peru–Chile Trench[37], an oceanic trench[38]; 2007 Peru earthquake[39], an earthquake[40]; and Cephalotes peruviensis[41], a taxon[42].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [7] . wikidata.org.
  2. [4] . wikidata.org.
  3. [8] . workwithdata.com. Retrieved . workwithdata.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  4. [9] . wikidata.org.
  5. [10] . wikidata.org.
  6. [11] . caretas.pe. Retrieved . caretas.pe. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  7. [12] . wikidata.org.
  8. [13] . britannica.com. Retrieved . britannica.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  9. [14] . wikidata.org.
  10. [15] . wikidata.org.
  11. [16] . wikidata.org.
  12. [17] . wikidata.org.
  13. [18] . wikidata.org.
  14. [19] . wikidata.org.
  15. [20] . wikidata.org.
  16. [21] . wikidata.org.
  17. [22] . wikidata.org.
  18. [23] . wikidata.org.
  19. [24] . wikidata.org.
  20. [25] . wikidata.org.
  21. [26] . wikidata.org.
  22. [27] . wikidata.org.
  23. [3] . wikidata.org.
  24. [5] . wikidata.org.
  25. [6] . wikidata.org.
  26. [30] . wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [31] . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [33] . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [35] . wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [37] . wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [39] . wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [41] . wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [43] . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [28] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [29] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [32] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [34] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [36] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [38] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [40] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [42] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  9. [44] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Class ancestry

  1. [1] . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [2] . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [45] . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [46] . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

📑 Cite this page

Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Peru. Retrieved May 3, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/peru
MLA “Peru.” 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph, 4ort.xyz, 3 May. 2026, https://4ort.xyz/entity/peru.
BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_peru_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Peru}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/peru}, note = {Accessed: 2026-05-03}}
LLM prompt According to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): Peru — https://4ort.xyz/entity/peru (retrieved 2026-05-03)

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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 11d ago · Quesotiotyo · 2026-05-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Dbnl country id peru_01
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ [[Property:P14337]]: peru_01, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/257631|batch #257631]]"
  2. 15d ago · J 1982 · 2026-05-05 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Fandom article id naturerules1:Peru
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ [[Property:P6262]]: countries:Peru"
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