Charles Darwin

English naturalist and biologist (1809–1882)
Person human Q1035
Charles Darwin
Herbert Rose Barraud · Public Domain · Wikimedia
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Charles Darwin was born on February 12, 1809 at The Mount[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] and died on April 19, 1882 at Down House[1][2][3][4][5][6][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][16][18][22][23][19][20][24]. He was a geologist, explorer, travel writer, ethologist, naturalist, and philosopher[25][1][18] whose work focused on biology, natural history, and zoology. His father was Robert Darwin[25][16] and his mother was Susannah Wedgwood[25][16]. He had siblings Erasmus Alvey Darwin, Caroline Wedgwood, Marianne Darwin, Emily Darwin, and Susan Darwin[16].

Darwin married Emma Darwin in 1839, and they remained married until his death in 1882[16]. They had children including Anne Darwin, Francis Darwin, William Erasmus Darwin, Henrietta Darwin, George Howard Darwin, Leonard Darwin, and four more[16]. He was educated at Christ's College, University of Edinburgh Medical School, Shrewsbury School, and University of Cambridge[25][26].

Darwin was employed by the Royal Geographical Society and was a member of the Royal Society, German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, and American Philosophical Society[27]. He received awards including the Royal Medal, Copley Medal, Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts order, and was a Fellow of the Linnean Society of London, Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, and Fellow of the Royal Society, plus two more[28][29][30]. He was buried at Westminster Abbey[31].

Key Facts

  • Place of birth: Shrewsbury[9]
  • Place of death: Shrewsbury[10], London[11]
  • Place of burial: Westminster Abbey[12]
  • Father: Robert Darwin[13]
  • Mother: Susannah Wedgwood[14]
  • Spouse: Emma Darwin[15]
  • Child: Anne Darwin[16], Francis Darwin[17], William Erasmus Darwin[18], Henrietta Darwin[19], George Howard Darwin[20], Leonard Darwin[21], Horace Darwin[22], Charles Waring Darwin[23], Elizabeth Darwin[24], Mary Eleanor Darwin[25]
  • Country of citizenship: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland[26]
  • Native language: English language in England[27]
  • Occupation: philosopher[28], writer[29], botanist[30], botanical collector[31], scientific collector[32], biologist[33]
  • Field of work: biology[34], natural history[35], zoology[36]
  • Employer: Royal Geographical Society[37]
  • Educated at: Christ's College[38], University of Edinburgh Medical School[39], Shrewsbury School[40], University of Cambridge[41], University of Edinburgh[42]
  • Award received: Royal Medal[43], Copley Medal[44], Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts order[45], Pour le Mérite[46], Fellow of the Linnean Society of London[47], Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society[48], Fellow of the Royal Society[49], Baly Medal[50], Fellow of the Geological Society of London[51], Bressa Prize[52], Honorary doctor of Leiden University[53], Wollaston Medal[54], Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi[55], Darwin Medal[56]
  • Religion or worldview: Anglicanism[57], agnosticism[58]
  • Sex or gender: male[59]
  • Commons category: Charles Darwin[60]

Body

Works and Contributions

Things named for Charles Darwin include Darwin[61] and Darwin Awards[62].

Why It Matters

Charles Darwin has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[63] He is known by 41 alternative names across languages and contexts.[64]

He has been cited as an influence by Friedrich Nietzsche[65], a philosopher[66], 1844–1900[67], of Kingdom of Prussia[68], specialised in classical philology[69]; Henry David Thoreau[70], a poet[71], 1817–1862[72], of United States[73], awarded the Hall of Fame for Great Americans[74], specialised in writing[75]; Richard Dawkins[76], an evolutionary biologist[77], b. 1941[78], of United Kingdom[79], awarded the Fellow of the Royal Society[80], specialised in ethology[81]; Jean Piaget[82], a psychologist[83], 1896–1980[84], of Switzerland[85], awarded the doctor honoris causa from the University of Paris[86], specialised in psychology[87]; Henri Bergson[88], a philosopher[89], 1859–1941[90], of France[91], awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature[92], specialised in philosophy[93]; and Nikos Kazantzakis[94], a writer[95], 1883–1957[96], of Greece[97], awarded the Greek State Literary Awards[98], specialised in poetry[99].

He is credited with the discovery of atoll[100], natural selection[101], Darwinism[102], and pangenesis[103]. Works attributed to him include On the Origin of Species[104], The Voyage of the Beagle[105], The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex[106], The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals[107], On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties; and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection[108], and The Formation of Vegetable Mould through the Action of Worms[109]. Entities named for him include Darwin[61] and Darwin Awards[62].

FAQs

Where was Charles Darwin born?

Charles Darwin's place of birth was The Mount[1].

Where did Charles Darwin die?

Charles Darwin died in Down House[2].

Who were Charles Darwin's parents?

Charles Darwin's father was Robert Darwin[13]. Charles Darwin's mother was Susannah Wedgwood[14].

Who was Charles Darwin married to?

Charles Darwin's spouses include Emma Darwin[15].

What did Charles Darwin do for work?

Charles Darwin worked as a geologist[3], explorer[4], travel writer[5], ethologist[6], and naturalist[7].

Where did Charles Darwin go to school?

Charles Darwin was educated at Christ's College[38], University of Edinburgh Medical School[39], Shrewsbury School[40], and University of Cambridge[41].

What awards did Charles Darwin receive?

Honors received include Royal Medal[43], Copley Medal[44], Pour le Mérite for Sciences and Arts order[45], and Pour le Mérite[46].

Who did Charles Darwin influence?

Charles Darwin has been cited as an influence by Friedrich Nietzsche[65], Henry David Thoreau[70], Richard Dawkins[76], and Jean Piaget[82].

What did Charles Darwin discover?

Charles Darwin is credited as discoverer of atoll[100], natural selection[101], Darwinism[102], and pangenesis[103].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [1] ↑ . link.springer.com. link.springer.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  2. [9] ↑ . Q138307249. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  3. [2] ↑ . TheGuardian.com. Retrieved . theguardian.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  4. [10] ↑ . www.accademiadellescienze.it. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  5. [11] ↑ . Q138307249. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  6. [59] ↑ . BnF authorities. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  7. [13] ↑ . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. wikidata.org.
  8. [14] ↑ . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. wikidata.org.
  9. [15] ↑ . Q75653886. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  10. [26] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  11. [16] ↑ . Q75653886. wikidata.org.
  12. [17] ↑ . Q75653886. wikidata.org.
  13. [18] ↑ . Q75653886. wikidata.org.
  14. [19] ↑ . Q75653886. wikidata.org.
  15. [20] ↑ . Q75653886. wikidata.org.
  16. [21] ↑ . Q75653886. wikidata.org.
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  18. [23] ↑ . Q75653886. wikidata.org.
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  21. [38] ↑ . wikidata.org.
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  23. [40] ↑ . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. wikidata.org.
  24. [41] ↑ . Cambridge Alumni Database. wikidata.org.
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  27. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org.
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  30. [3] ↑ . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  31. [4] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  32. [5] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  33. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  34. [7] ↑ . The Fine Art Archive. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
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  36. [29] ↑ . Library of the World's Best Literature. wikidata.org.
  37. [30] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  38. [31] ↑ . Bionomia. Retrieved . bionomia.net. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  39. [32] ↑ . Bionomia. wikidata.org.
  40. [33] ↑ . Integrated Authority File. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  41. [37] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  42. [12] ↑ . francetvinfo.fr. francetvinfo.fr. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  43. [57] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  44. [58] ↑ . darwin-online.org.uk. darwin-online.org.uk. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  45. [43] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  46. [44] ↑ . docs.google.com. Retrieved . docs.google.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  47. [45] ↑ . orden-pourlemerite.de. Retrieved . orden-pourlemerite.de. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  48. [46] ↑ . orden-pourlemerite.de. orden-pourlemerite.de. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  49. [47] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  50. [48] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  51. [49] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  52. [50] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  53. [51] ↑ . Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. wikidata.org.
  54. [52] ↑ . Premio Bressa. accademiadellescienze.it. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  55. [53] ↑ . universiteitleiden.nl. universiteitleiden.nl. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  56. [54] ↑ . geolsoc.org.uk. Retrieved . geolsoc.org.uk. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  57. [55] ↑ . royalsociety.org.nz. royalsociety.org.nz. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  58. [56] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  59. [60] ↑ . wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [65] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [70] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [76] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
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  6. [94] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [100] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [101] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  9. [102] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
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  13. [106] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  14. [107] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  15. [108] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  16. [109] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  17. [61] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  18. [62] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [66] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [67] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [68] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [69] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [71] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [72] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [73] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  13. [80] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  28. [98] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  29. [99] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [8] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [63] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [64] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

📑 Cite this page

Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Charles Darwin. Retrieved October 17, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/charles-darwin
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BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_charles-darwin_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Charles Darwin}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/charles-darwin}, note = {Accessed: 2026-10-17}}
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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 1d ago · OKA bot bot · 2026-10-17 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbeditentity-statements-multiple-properties-update:0||3 */ source for place of birth, source for date of birth, source for date of death from Store norske leksikon ([[Wikidata:Requests for permissi"
  2. 3d ago · Printstream · 2026-10-14 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Sitelink count → 279
    Wikipedia languages → ['abstract', 'af', 'als', 'am', 'an', 'ang', 'anp', 'ar', 'ary', 'arz', 'as', 'a
    P14966 → 3363564
    Claims rich → —
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/59775|batch #59775]]: Import P14966"
  3. 6w ago · Stuartyeates · 2026-09-05 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Ausstage person id → 447257
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Ausstage person id: 447257, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/127331612|Charles Darwin (#127331612)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/4968|AusStage person]] "
  4. 7w ago · TTWIDEE · 2026-08-23 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Archive of our own tag → Charles Darwin
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Archive of our own tag: Charles Darwin"
  5. 8w ago · Mahirtwofivesix · 2026-08-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Babelnet id → 00017841n
    Arabic ontology lexical concept id → 151059373
    "/* wbeditentity-statements-multiple-properties-update:0||4 */ added/modified IDs mapped to WordNet 3.1"
  6. 9w ago · Yirba · 2026-08-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14750 → F862-F244-5650-6545-1FEB
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/46458|batch #46458]]: HAND ID (5)"
  7. 10w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-08-04 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Accademia nazionale dei lincei id → 637-darwin-charles-robert
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/45365|batch #45365]]: Update P14091 IDs"
  8. 12w ago · Kirilloparma · 2026-07-25 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14470 → Characters/Charles_Darwin
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ P14470: Characters/Charles_Darwin, Adding missing [[P:P14470|P14470]] and [[P:P9675|P9675]] qualifier based on [[P:P5247|P5247]]"
  9. 13w ago · Bibliotecateresianum · 2026-07-14 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Teresianum authority id → 103233
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Teresianum authority id: 103233, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/139210456|Charles Darwin (#139210456)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/5316|Teresianum au"
  10. 14w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-07-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14611 → 101233
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14611: 101233, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/260288|batch #260288]]"
  11. 14w ago · Nyuhn · 2026-07-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14541 → r0FcZ
    P14585 → 65602
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/40849|batch #40849]]: ZGBK ID"
  12. 16w ago · Printstream · 2026-06-25 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14536 → 339852
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ P14536: 339852, #quickstatements; #temporary_batch_1782398664614"
  13. 16w ago · Pigsonthewing · 2026-06-22 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Lucerna person id → 6001557
    Patrinum id → 200941, 192493, 191472 +2
    Amnh entity id → amnhp_1000499
    Penguin random house author id → 110639, 2353964
    + 1 other property edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Member of: New York Liberal Club"
  14. 17w ago · Susmuffin · 2026-06-15 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Harper's tag → charles-darwin
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Harper's tag: charles-darwin, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/289918457|charles darwin (#289918457)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7915|Harper's "
  15. 18w ago · Jindřich Rubeš · 2026-06-11 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Svkkl authority id → p0028904-Darwin-Charles-18091882
    Wikidata description → English naturalist and biologist (1809–1882)
    Relative → Ursula Mommens, Josiah Wedgwood, Emma Darwin +9
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Svkkl authority id: p0028904-Darwin-Charles-18091882, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259473|batch #259473]]"
  16. 18w ago · Pigsonthewing · 2026-06-07 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Relative → Ursula Mommens, Josiah Wedgwood, Emma Darwin +9
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Relative: Mary Susan Parker, Adding statement(s) using [[:toollabs:wikidata-todo/relator2|Relator2]]"
  17. 21w ago · Pigsonthewing · 2026-05-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14397 → 1
    Occupation → geologist, explorer, travel writer +8
    Cicap encyclopedia id → 100253
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ P14397: 1"
  18. 22w ago · Epìdosis · 2026-05-11 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Local thumb → —
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/30842|batch #30842]]: match CERL IDs on the basis of GND (1)"
  19. 23w ago · Bargioni · 2026-05-07 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Local thumb → —
    Sancho el sabio foundation id → 5730
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/30465|batch #30465]]: add P1810 to P5739 1/3"
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