Trending Philosophical Concepts in China — May 2026
The 100 most-viewed philosophical concepts on Wikipedia, May 2026 (Chinese-language edition). Ranked by real-world attention. Top: pre-established harmony. Data as of 30 June 2026.
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- ⚠ May 2026 · Data as of 30 June 2026 (116 days old)
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- 100 philosophical concepts
This counts a Wikipedia language edition, not a country's residents — Measured from the Chinese-language Wikipedia edition — readers worldwide, not residents of China. Nothing here is capped or sampled: it is every view Wikipedia published for these articles in the window. Rows carrying a 📰 badge add news coverage from GDELT; entity names and types come from Wikidata. Looking for what one country read? That is what the world reads — a different, capped measurement.
Where this data comes from ›100
Ranked
2,766
Total Views (May 2026)
1
pre-established harmony
philosophical theory that every substance affects only itself, but substances seem to causally interact with each other because God has programmed them to harmonize with each other
377
views
views
2
store-house consciousness
in the Yogacara school of Buddhism, the fundamental part of consciousness that receives impressions from the other consciousnesses and retains them as seeds for further manifestations and activities
110
views
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3
world
term ambiguously referring to any of: the whole of reality, the universe, the Earth and all life upon it, or human civilization
90
views
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4
Tao
in East Asian philosophy and religions, the source and fundamental principle of the universe
90
views
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5
eternal return
philosophical concept regarding infinite continuance of the universe
78
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6
role-playing game
game in which players assume the roles of characters in a fictional setting
67
views
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7
absurdism
the conflict between the human tendency to seek inherent value and meaning in life and the human inability to find any; does not mean 'logically impossible' but rather 'humanly impossible'; a philosophical school of thought stating
56
views
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8
knowledge
awareness of facts, familiarity with individuals and situations, or practical skill; encompasses descriptive, procedural, and acquaintance knowledge, typically characterized as justified true belief distinct from opinion or guesswork
56
views
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9
robustness
ability of an object, system, or property to tolerate or resist perturbations that might affect its behavior
53
views
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10
morality
normative standard evaluating actions and character traits as right or wrong, virtuous or vicious, honorable or disgraceful; varies across individuals, societies, cultures, and traditions, informing judgments about moral and immoral behavior
53
views
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11
free will
ability of agents to be the ultimate source or originator of their choices, free from external determination
52
views
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12
Taiyi
Taoist concept and deity
50
views
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13
Übermensch
concept in the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche
50
views
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14
emergence
phenomenon whereby larger entities arise through interactions among smaller/simpler entities such that the larger entities exhibit properties the smaller/simpler entities don't exhibit
49
views
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15
empathy
capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the latter's frame of reference
48
views
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16
antinomy
real or apparent mutual incompatibility of two laws
47
views
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17
dualism
philosophical or religious belief in two fundamental substances or principles, which often oppose each other
45
views
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18
logos
term in Western philosophy, psychology, rhetoric, and religion
44
views
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19
Five Relationships
Confucian concept described by Mencius
40
views
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20
proposition
idea that is true or false and may be expressed in a declarative sentence
39
views
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21
categorical imperative
central concept in Kantian moral philosophy
36
views
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22
chaos
state of absence of order
31
views
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23
fundamentalism
unwavering attachment to a set of irreducible beliefs
30
views
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24
agency
capacity of an agent to act in a world and make own decisions
29
views
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25
paradigm
distinct conceptual or thought pattern
28
views
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26
Apollonian and Dionysian
terms representing a dichotomy/dialectic between rationality and emotion
27
views
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27
pain
type of unpleasant feeling
25
views
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28
essence
property or set of properties that make an entity or substance what it fundamentally is
25
views
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29
reductionism
philosophical view explaining systems in terms of smaller parts
23
views
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30
master–slave morality
central theme of Friedrich Nietzsche's works
22
views
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31
thing-in-itself
in Kantian philosophy, an object as it is, independent of observation, which one cannot know directly
22
views
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32
psyche
psychological term refering to the group of acts and functions of the mind
22
views
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33
Ātman
Hindu concept for inner self or essence as mere consciousness
22
views
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34
social atomism
sociological theory, regarding the individual as the basic unit of analysis for all implications of social life
21
views
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35
Dasein
German term meaning "existence", concept from Heidegger's philosophy
21
views
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36
Junzi
ancient Chinese philosophical term for an ideal person
20
views
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37
kairos
right or opportune moment, as concept in ancient Greek philosophy
20
views
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38
amala-vijñāna
Buddhist philosophical concepts
20
views
views
39
intergenerational equity
concept of fairness or justice between generations
20
views
views
40
epoché
theoretical moment where all judgments about the existence of the external world is suspended
20
views
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41
abductive reasoning
form of logical inference that seeks the best conclusion that explains a set of given observations
19
views
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42
sentience
capacity to feel, perceive, or experience subjectively
19
views
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43
honor
abstract concept entailing a perceived quality of worthiness and respectability
18
views
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44
Untermensch
German word meaning "subhuman"; used in Nazi Germany
18
views
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45
perennial philosophy
15th-century philosophical idea that views all religious traditions as sharing a single truth or origin
18
views
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46
essentialism
view that every entity has identifying attributes
18
views
views
47
self-cultivation
17
views
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48
will
faculty of the mind which intentionally selects the strongest desire from among the various desires present
17
views
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49
cultural hegemony
marxist notion of cultural dominance
17
views
views
50
transcendence
concept designating the extra-categorical attributes of beings
16
views
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51
mind–body problem
open question in philosophy of how abstract minds interact with physical bodies
16
views
views
52
self-criticism
in Marxism-Leninism, the method of criticising ones shortcomings as opposed to concealing them
16
views
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53
spirit
philosophy and religious concept of the animating essence within humans
16
views
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54
unity of opposites
central category of dialectics, said to be related to non-duality in a deep sense
16
views
views
55
productive forces
in Marxism, the combination of the means of labor (tools, machinery, land, infrastructure…) with human labor power
16
views
views
56
category
in Kantian philosophy, a pure concept of the understanding (Verstand); a characteristic of the appearance of any object in general, before it has been experienced
16
views
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57
hypostasis
shared existence of spiritual or corporal entities
15
views
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58
pneuma
ancient Greek word for "breath"
14
views
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59
Aufheben
transformative process in which something is preserved, negated, and elevated to a higher state or synthesis
14
views
views
60
culture industry
expression suggesting that popular culture is used to manipulate mass society into passivity
14
views
views
61
universalism
philosophical and theological concept that some ideas have universal application or applicability
14
views
views
62
law of noncontradiction
theorem of logic
14
views
views
63
biophilia hypothesis
hypothesis that humans possess an innate tendency to seek connections with nature and other forms of life
14
views
views
64
category of being
philosophical concept
14
views
views
65
structure
arrangement and organization of interrelated elements within an object or system
13
views
views
66
monad
philosophical concept
13
views
views
67
reason
capacity for consciously making sense of things
13
views
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68
selection
act of judging the merits of multiple options and selecting one or more of them
13
views
views
69
accountability
concept of responsibility in ethics, governance and decision-making
13
views
views
70
apeiron
philosophical concept
13
views
views
71
holism
philosophical position that systems should be analyzed as wholes, not just as collections of parts
13
views
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72
event
objects in time or instantiations of properties in objects (in philosophy)
12
views
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73
identity of indiscernibles
impossibility for separate objects to have all their properties in common
12
views
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74
solipsism
philosophical idea that only one's own mind is sure to exist
12
views
views
75
Āstika and nāstika
religious term
12
views
views
76
finitism
philosophy of mathematics that accepts the existence only of finite mathematical objects
12
views
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77
restorative justice
approach to justice where victims and perpetrators mediate a restitution agreement
12
views
views
78
objectivity
central philosophical concept, related to reality and truth
12
views
views
79
attribute
property (philosophy, ontology)
12
views
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80
supervenience
relation between sets of properties or sets of facts, in which some difference is necessary in the latter for a difference in the former to be possible
12
views
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81
necessary evil
evil that is believed must be done or accepted because it is necessary to achieve a better outcome
12
views
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82
use–mention distinction
in analytic philosophy, a distinction between using a word or phrase and mentioning it
11
views
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83
Verstehen
social science conception of understanding and relation
11
views
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84
unmoved mover
postulated ultimate cause of all activity in the universe
11
views
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85
musica universalis
ancient philosophical concept that regards proportions in the movements of celestial bodies as a form of music
11
views
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86
浩然之氣
11
views
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87
randomness
apparent lack of pattern or predictability in events
11
views
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88
player versus environment
video game or mode in a video game in which the player fights computer-controlled enemies
11
views
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89
Giri
duty as one of the Japanese values
11
views
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90
ataraxia
ancient Greek philosophical concept
10
views
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91
possible world
in philosophy, a complete and consistent way the world is or could have been
10
views
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92
noumenon
in philosophy, a posited object or event that exists independently of human sense and/or concept, unlike a phenomenon
10
views
views
93
Li
[理] a concept found in Neo-Confucian Chinese philosophy
10
views
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94
preference
greater liking for one alternative over another or others
10
views
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95
Aletheia
philosophical concept, state of not being hidden; the state of being evident
9
views
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96
subject-object split
term coined by Karl Jaspers to refer to an epistemological basic structure
9
views
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97
personal identity
philosophical idea of a person having a unique existence
9
views
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98
distributive justice
concept of the socially just allocation of goods
9
views
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99
the Void
manifestation of nothingness
9
views
views
100
agape
Greco-Christian term referring to a type of love
8
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