Ludwig Boltzmann

Summary

Ludwig Boltzmann is a human^[1]. He was born in Vienna^[2]. He was born on February 20, 1844^[3]. He died in Duino^[4]. He died on September 5, 1906^[5]. He worked as a physicist^[6], chemist^[7], university teacher^[8], mathematician^[9], and philosopher^[10]. He ranks in the top 0.62% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (1,630 views/month, #6,175 of 1,000,298).^[11]

Key Facts

• Ludwig Boltzmann was born in Vienna^[2].
• Ludwig Boltzmann died in Duino^[4].
• Ludwig Boltzmann was born on February 20, 1844^[3].
• Ludwig Boltzmann died on September 5, 1906^[5].
• Ludwig Boltzmann died on September 6, 1906^[12].
• Ludwig Boltzmann is buried at Vienna Central Cemetery^[13].
• Among Ludwig Boltzmann's spouses was Henriette von Aigentler^[14].
• A child of Ludwig Boltzmann was Henriette Boltzmann^[15].
• A child of Ludwig Boltzmann was Ida Boltzmann^[16].
• Ludwig Boltzmann held citizenship in Austria–Hungary^[17].
• Ludwig Boltzmann's professions included physicist^[6].
• Ludwig Boltzmann worked as a chemist^[7].
• Ludwig Boltzmann worked as a university teacher^[8].
• Ludwig Boltzmann's professions included mathematician^[9].
• Ludwig Boltzmann's professions included philosopher^[10].
• Ludwig Boltzmann's professions included theoretical physicist^[18].
• Ludwig Boltzmann's field of work was theoretical physics^[19].
• Ludwig Boltzmann held the position of rector^[20].
• Among Ludwig Boltzmann's employers was University of Vienna^[21].
• Among Ludwig Boltzmann's employers was Leipzig University^[22].
• Ludwig Boltzmann was employed by University of Graz^[23].
• Ludwig Boltzmann was employed by Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München^[24].
• Ludwig Boltzmann was employed by University of Graz^[25].
• Ludwig Boltzmann was employed by University of Vienna^[26].
• Ludwig Boltzmann's education included a stint at University of Vienna^[27].

Body

Origins and Family

Ludwig Boltzmann's place of birth was Vienna^[2]. He was born on February 20, 1844^[3].

Education

Ludwig Boltzmann's education included a stint at University of Vienna^[27]. His doctoral advisor was Josef Stefan^[28].

Career and Affiliations

Recorded occupations include physicist^[6], chemist^[7], university teacher^[8], mathematician^[9], philosopher^[10], and theoretical physicist^[18]. Ludwig Boltzmann's field of work was theoretical physics^[19]. Employers include University of Vienna^[21], a university^[29], in Austria^[30], founded in 1365^[31], headquartered in Vienna^[32]; Leipzig University^[22], a public university^[33], in Germany^[34], founded in 1409^[35], headquartered in Leipzig^[36]; University of Graz^[23], a university^[37], in Austria^[38], founded in 1585^[39], headquartered in Main building of the University of Graz^[40]; and Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München^[24], a public research university^[41], in Germany^[42], founded in 1472^[43], headquartered in Hauptgebäude der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München^[44]. He held the position of rector^[20]. Doctoral students include Paul Ehrenfest^[45], Lise Meitner^[46], Gustav Herglotz^[47], Philipp Frank^[48], Hermann von Lewinski^[49], and Walther Nernst^[50].

Recognition

Awards received include Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art^[51], an order^[52], in Germany^[53], founded in 1980^[54]; honorary doctorate of the University of Oslo^[55], an award^[56], in Norway^[57]; Honorary doctor of the University of Oxford^[58], an award^[59], in United Kingdom^[60]; and Foreign Member of the Royal Society^[61], a fellowship award^[62], in United Kingdom^[63].

Personal Life

Ludwig Boltzmann was married to Henriette von Aigentler^[14]. Children include Henriette Boltzmann^[15], a school teacher^[64], 1880–1945^[65], of Austria^[66] and Ida Boltzmann^[16], a botanist^[67], 1884–1910^[68], of Cisleithania^[69].

Death and Burial

Recorded date of death include September 5, 1906^[5] and September 6, 1906^[12]. Ludwig Boltzmann passed away in Duino^[4]. The cause of death was hanging to death^[70]. He is buried at Vienna Central Cemetery^[13].

Works and Contributions

Things named for Ludwig Boltzmann include Boltzmann constant^[71], Boltzmann distribution^[72], Boltzmann brain^[73], Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution^[74], Stefan-Boltzmann law^[75], Boltzmann's entropy formula^[76], entropy^[77], and Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics^[78].

Why It Matters

Ludwig Boltzmann ranks in the top 0.62% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (1,630 views/month, #6,175 of 1,000,298).^[11] He has Wikipedia articles in 28 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.^[79] He is known by 56 alternative names across languages and contexts.^[80]

He has been cited as an influence by Sean M. Carroll^[81], a physicist^[82], b. 1966^[83], of United States^[84], awarded the Fellow of the American Physical Society^[85], specialised in physics^[86] and Ilya Prigogine^[87], a philosopher^[88], 1917–2003^[89], of Belgium^[90], awarded the Francqui Prize^[91], specialised in chemistry^[92].

He is credited with the discovery of Boltzmann brain^[93], a hypothesis^[94] and H-theorem^[95], a theorem^[96]. Entities named for him include Boltzmann constant^[71], Boltzmann distribution^[72], Boltzmann brain^[73], Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution^[74], Stefan-Boltzmann law^[75], and Boltzmann's entropy formula^[76].

His notable doctoral advisees include Lise Meitner^[97], a nuclear physicist^[98], 1878–1968^[99], of Cisleithania^[100], awarded the Silver Leibniz medal^[101], specialised in physics^[102]; Paul Ehrenfest^[103]; Walther Nernst^[104]; Gustav Herglotz^[105]; Philipp Frank^[106]; and Arthur Erich Haas^[107].

FAQs

Where was Ludwig Boltzmann born?

Ludwig Boltzmann's place of birth was Vienna^[2].

Where did Ludwig Boltzmann die?

Ludwig Boltzmann died in Duino^[4].

Who was Ludwig Boltzmann married to?

Ludwig Boltzmann's spouses include Henriette von Aigentler^[14].

What did Ludwig Boltzmann do for work?

Ludwig Boltzmann worked as physicist^[6], chemist^[7], university teacher^[8], mathematician^[9], and philosopher^[10].

Where did Ludwig Boltzmann go to school?

Ludwig Boltzmann was educated at University of Vienna^[27].

What awards did Ludwig Boltzmann receive?

Honors received include Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art^[51], honorary doctorate of the University of Oslo^[55], Honorary doctor of the University of Oxford^[58], and Foreign Member of the Royal Society^[61].

Who did Ludwig Boltzmann influence?

Ludwig Boltzmann has been cited as an influence by Sean M. Carroll^[81] and Ilya Prigogine^[87].

What did Ludwig Boltzmann discover?

Ludwig Boltzmann is credited as discoverer of Boltzmann brain^[93] and H-theorem^[95].