germanium
chemical element with symbol Ge and atomic number 32
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Summary
germanium is a chemical element[1]. germanium draws 7,639 Wikipedia views per month (chemical element category, ranking #63 of 144).[2]
Key Facts
- Discoverer or inventor: Clemens Winkler[3]
- Instance of: chalcophile element[4]
- Named after: Germany[5]
- Made from material: argyrodite[6], briartite[7], germanite[8], renierite[9], sphalerite[10], fly ash[11]
- Location of discovery: Germany[12]
- Canonical SMILES: [Ge][13]
- Element symbol: Ge[14]
- Chemical formula: Ge[15]
- Subclass of: covalent network solid[16], p-block[17]
- Part of: period 4[18], group 14[19], metalloid[20]
- Commons category: Germanium[21]
- Unicode character: 鍺[22]
- Crystal system: face-centered cubic[23]
- Time of discovery or invention: 1886[24]
- Point group: cubic-hexoctahedral[25]
- Space group: space group Fd-3m[26]
- Found in taxon: Panax ginseng[27]
- IPA transcription: dʒərˈmeɪniəm[28]
- Topic's main category: Category:Germanium[29]
- Commons gallery: Germanium[30]
- Atomic number: 32[31]
- Mohs' hardness: 6.0[32]
- Electronegativity: 2.01[33]
- Oxidation state: -4[34], -3[35], -2[36], -1[37], 1[38], 2[39], 3[40], 4[41], 0[42]
- Described by source: Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia[43], Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary[44], Small Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary[45], Granat Encyclopedic Dictionary[46], Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1926–1947)[47], Encyclopædia Britannica 11th edition[48]
Why It Matters
germanium has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[49] germanium is known by 66 alternative names across languages and contexts.[50]