cosmic microwave background

electromagnetic radiation as a remnant from an early stage of the universe in Big Bang cosmology
Thing electromagnetic_wave Q15605
cosmic microwave background
NASA / WMAP Science Team · Public Domain · Wikimedia
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Summary

cosmic microwave background is an electromagnetic wave[1]. It draws 13,151 Wikipedia views per month (electromagnetic wave category, ranking #1 of 2).[2]

Key Facts

  • Discoverer or inventor: Arno Allan Penzias[3], Robert Wilson[4]
  • Instance of: astronomical phenomenon[5]
  • Location of discovery: Crawford Hill[6]
  • Subclass of: cosmic background radiation[7], thermal radiation[8]
  • Commons category: Cosmic microwave background[9]
  • Has part(s): photon[10]
  • Time of discovery or invention: May 20, 1964[11]
  • Has cause: recombination[12]
  • Topic's main category: Category:Cosmic microwave background[13]
  • Redshift: 1000[14], 1090.51[15], 1089.57[16]
  • Topic has template: Template:CMB[17]
  • Title: реликтовое излучение[18], cosmic microwave background[19], fond diffus cosmologique[20]
  • Has characteristic: anisotropy[21], polarization[22]
  • Different from: cosmic background radiation[23]
  • Temperature: 2.72548 K[24]
  • On focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4[25]
  • Theorized by: George Gamow[26]

Why It Matters

cosmic microwave background has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[27] It is known by 89 alternative names across languages and contexts.[28]

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [5] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  2. [3] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  3. [4] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  4. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  5. [7] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  6. [8] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  7. [9] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [10] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  9. [11] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  10. [12] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  11. [13] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  12. [14] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  13. [15] ↑ . iopscience.iop.org. Retrieved . iopscience.iop.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  14. [16] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  15. [17] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  16. [18] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  17. [19] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  18. [20] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  19. [21] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  20. [22] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  21. [23] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  22. [24] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  23. [25] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  24. [26] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.

Class ancestry

  1. [1] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [2] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [27] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [28] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

📑 Cite this page

Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). cosmic microwave background. Retrieved October 17, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/cosmic-microwave-background
MLA “cosmic microwave background.” 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph, 4ort.xyz, 17 Oct. 2026, https://4ort.xyz/entity/cosmic-microwave-background.
BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_cosmic-microwave-background_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{cosmic microwave background}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/cosmic-microwave-background}, note = {Accessed: 2026-10-17}}
LLM prompt According to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): cosmic microwave background — https://4ort.xyz/entity/cosmic-microwave-background (retrieved 2026-10-17)

Canonical URL: https://4ort.xyz/entity/cosmic-microwave-background · Last refreshed:

Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 13w ago · Nyuhn · 2026-07-12 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14541 → ['3hqQM8', 'P0PyB']
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/41251|batch #41251]]: ZGBK ID"
  2. 21w ago · Twofivesixbot bot · 2026-05-17 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Instance of → —
    Different from → cosmic background radiation
    Temperature → {'unit': 'Q11579', 'amount': '+2.72548'}
    Aliases → —
    + 15 other properties edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbsetclaim-update-qualifiers:1||1|13 */ Yso id: 8188, mv to monolingual text names on YSO statements"
Live feed via Wikidata EventStreams. New edits appear within minutes of being made on Wikidata.