apartheid

system of racial segregation and oppression in South Africa, introduced in 1948 by D.F. Malan and abolished between 1990 and 1994 by F.W. de Klerk
Place policy Q11409
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Summary

apartheid is a policy[1]. apartheid ranks in the top 1% of policy entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (47,212 views/month).[2]

Key Facts

  • Discoverer or inventor: Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd[3]
  • Instance of: racism[4]
  • Based on: Baasskap[5], racism[6], white supremacy[7]
  • Subclass of: racial segregation[8], divide and rule[9]
  • Commons category: Apartheid[10]
  • Foundational text: Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act, 1949[11], Immorality Act[12], Population Registration Act, 1950[13]
  • Inception: January 1, 1948[14]
  • Dissolved, abolished or demolished date: 1991[15]
  • Significant event: Coloured vote constitutional crisis[16]
  • Topic's main category: Category:Apartheid[17]
  • Applies to jurisdiction: South-West Africa[18], South Africa[19]
  • Described by source: The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Thought[20], Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia, vol. 1[21], Pax Leksikon[22], Red Blue Translator[23]
  • Has effect: Legacies of apartheid[24]
  • Has characteristic: Minoritarianism[25], social stratification[26], Internal resistance to South African apartheid[27], anti-apartheid activist[28]
  • Manifestation of: racism[29]
  • Permanent duplicated item: Q134959916[30]
  • On focus list of Wikimedia project: Wikipedia:List of articles all languages should have[31], WikiProject Human rights[32], Wikipedia:Vital articles/Level/4[33]

Body

Cultural Significance

Things named for apartheid include Crime of apartheid[34] and International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination[35], a world day[36], founded in 1966[37].

Why It Matters

apartheid has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[38] apartheid is known by 19 alternative names across languages and contexts.[39]

apartheid has been cited as an influence by Afrapix[40], a photo agency[41], in South Africa[42], founded in 1982[43].

apartheid is credited with the discovery of Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd[44], a politician[45], 1901–1966[46], of South Africa[47]. Entities named for apartheid include Crime of apartheid[34] and International Day for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination[35], a world day[36], founded in 1966[37].

FAQs

Who did apartheid influence?

apartheid has been cited as an influence by Afrapix[40].

What did apartheid discover?

apartheid is credited as discoverer of Hendrik Frensch Verwoerd[44].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [4] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  2. [3] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  3. [5] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  4. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  5. [7] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  6. [8] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  7. [9] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [10] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  9. [11] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  10. [12] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  11. [13] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  12. [14] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  13. [15] ↑ . en.wikipedia.org. en.wikipedia.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  14. [16] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  15. [17] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  16. [18] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  17. [19] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  18. [20] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  19. [21] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  20. [22] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  21. [23] ↑ . allsides.com. allsides.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  22. [24] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  23. [25] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  24. [26] ↑ . Retrieved . wikidata.org.
  25. [27] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  26. [28] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  27. [29] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  28. [30] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  29. [31] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  30. [32] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  31. [33] ↑ . wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [40] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [44] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [34] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [41] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [42] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [43] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  4. [45] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  5. [46] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  6. [47] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  7. [36] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
  8. [37] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site

Class ancestry

  1. [1] ↑ . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [2] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [38] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [39] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

📑 Cite this page

Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). apartheid. Retrieved October 14, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/apartheid
MLA “apartheid.” 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph, 4ort.xyz, 14 Oct. 2026, https://4ort.xyz/entity/apartheid.
BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_apartheid_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{apartheid}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/apartheid}, note = {Accessed: 2026-10-14}}
LLM prompt According to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): apartheid — https://4ort.xyz/entity/apartheid (retrieved 2026-10-14)

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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 10w ago · Superraptor123 · 2026-08-05 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Instance of → policy, racism
    "/* wbeditentity-statements-single-property-add:1||3 */ Instance of"
  2. 14w ago · Putnik · 2026-07-08 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija id → apartheidas
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Visuotinė lietuvių enciklopedija id: apartheidas"
  3. 16w ago · Susmuffin · 2026-06-25 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Harper's tag → apartheid
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ Harper's tag: apartheid, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/289909364|apartheid (#289909364)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7915|Harper's tag]] #mix"
  4. 18w ago · Jindřich Rubeš · 2026-06-11 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Svkkl authority id → 0413833-apartheid
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ Svkkl authority id: 0413833-apartheid, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259490|batch #259490]]"
  5. 21w ago · Twofivesixbot bot · 2026-05-17 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Based on → Baasskap, racism, white supremacy
    Has characteristic → Minoritarianism, social stratification, Internal resistance to South African apartheid +1
    Wikidata description → system of racial segregation and oppression in South Africa, introduced in 1948
    Inception → +1948-01-01T00:00:00Z
    + 18 other properties edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbsetclaim-update-qualifiers:1||1|5 */ Yso id: 7033, mv to monolingual text names on YSO statements"
Live feed via Wikidata EventStreams. New edits appear within minutes of being made on Wikidata.