Milton Friedman

American economist and statistician (1912–2006)
Person human Q47426
Milton Friedman
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Milton Friedman

Summary

Milton Friedman is a human[1]. He was born in Brooklyn[2]. He died in San Francisco[3]. He worked as an economist[4], statistician[5], university teacher[6], and essayist[7]. He has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[8]

Key Facts

  • Milton Friedman's place of birth was Brooklyn[2].
  • Milton Friedman died in San Francisco[3].
  • Milton Friedman is buried at San Francisco Bay[9].
  • Among Milton Friedman's spouses was Rose Friedman[10].
  • A child of Milton Friedman was David D. Friedman[11].
  • A child of Milton Friedman was Jan Martel[12].
  • Milton Friedman held citizenship in United States[13].
  • English was Milton Friedman's native language[14].
  • Milton Friedman worked as an economist[4].
  • Milton Friedman worked as a statistician[5].
  • Milton Friedman's professions included university teacher[6].
  • Milton Friedman's professions included essayist[7].
  • Milton Friedman's field of work was economics[15].
  • Milton Friedman's field of work was macroeconomics[16].
  • Among Milton Friedman's employers was University of Chicago[17].
  • Milton Friedman's education included a stint at Rahway High School[18].
  • Milton Friedman was educated at Columbia University[19].
  • Milton Friedman's education included a stint at Rutgers University[20].
  • Milton Friedman was educated at University of Chicago[21].
  • Milton Friedman was educated at University of Cambridge[22].
  • Milton Friedman's doctoral advisor was Simon Kuznets[23].
  • Milton Friedman received the Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel[24].
  • Milton Friedman received the National Medal of Science[25].
  • Milton Friedman received the Adam Smith Award[26].
  • Milton Friedman received the John Bates Clark Medal[27].

Body

Origins and Family

Milton Friedman was born in Brooklyn[2]. English was his native language[14].

Education

Educated at Rahway High School[18], a high school[28], in United States[29]; Columbia University[19], a private university[30], in United States[31], founded in 1754[32], headquartered in Manhattan[33]; Rutgers University[20], a public research university[34], in United States[35], founded in 1766[36]; University of Chicago[21], a private university[37], in United States[38], founded in 1890[39], headquartered in Chicago[40]; and University of Cambridge[22], a collegiate university[41], in United Kingdom[42], founded in 1209[43], headquartered in Cambridge[44]. Milton Friedman's doctoral advisor was Simon Kuznets[23].

Career and Affiliations

Recorded occupations include economist[4], statistician[5], university teacher[6], and essayist[7]. Fields of work include economics[15], an academic discipline[45] and macroeconomics[16], a theory[46]. Among Milton Friedman's employers was University of Chicago[17]. Doctoral students include Phillip D. Cagan[47], Harry Markowitz[48], Lester G. Telser[49], David I. Meiselman[50], Neil Wallace[51], and Miguel Sidrauski[52].

Recognition

Awards received include Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel[24], an economics award[53], in Sweden[54]; National Medal of Science[25], a science award[55], in United States[56], founded in 1963[57]; Adam Smith Award[26], a science award[58], in United States[59], founded in 1982[60]; John Bates Clark Medal[27], an economics award[61], in United States[62], founded in 1947[63]; Presidential Medal of Freedom[64]; and Distinguished Fellow of the American Economic Association[65].

Personal Life

Milton Friedman was married to Rose Friedman[10]. Children include David D. Friedman[11], an economist[66], b. 1945[67], of United States[68], specialised in economics[69] and Jan Martel[12], a bridge player[70], b. 1943[71], of United States[72]. Religious affiliations include Orthodox Judaism[73], a Jewish religious movements[74] and agnostic[75], a religious identity[76]. He was affiliated with the Republican Party[77].

Death and Burial

Milton Friedman died in San Francisco[3]. The cause of death was heart failure[78]. Burial took place at San Francisco Bay[9].

Works and Contributions

Things named for Milton Friedman include Becker Friedman Institute for Research in Economics[79] and Friedman test[80].

Why It Matters

Milton Friedman has Wikipedia articles in 30 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[8] He is known by 28 alternative names across languages and contexts.[81]

He has been cited as an influence by Chicago Boys[82], a group of humans[83]; George Stigler[84], an economist[85], 1911–1991[86], of United States[87], awarded the Guggenheim Fellowship[88], specialised in economics[89]; Andrei Shleifer[90], an economist[91], b. 1961[92], of United States[93], awarded the Sloan Fellowship[94], specialised in economics[95]; Henry Schultz[96], an economist[97], 1893–1938[98], of United States[99], awarded the Guggenheim Fellowship[100], specialised in economics[101]; fiscal conservatism[102], a political ideology[103]; and Ricardo López Murphy[104], an economist[105], b. 1951[106], of Argentina[107], awarded the Konex Award[108].

He is credited with the discovery of permanent income hypothesis[109] and school choice[110]. Works attributed to him include Capitalism and Freedom[111], A Monetary History of the United States[112], and Free to Choose[113]. Entities named for him include Becker Friedman Institute for Research in Economics[79] and Friedman test[80].

His notable doctoral advisees include David D. Friedman[114], Harry Markowitz[115], Neil Wallace[116], Phillip D. Cagan[117], and Miguel Sidrauski[118].

FAQs

Where was Milton Friedman born?

Born in Brooklyn[2], Milton Friedman…

Where did Milton Friedman die?

Milton Friedman passed away in San Francisco[3].

Who was Milton Friedman married to?

Milton Friedman's spouses include Rose Friedman[10].

What did Milton Friedman do for work?

Milton Friedman worked as economist[4], statistician[5], university teacher[6], and essayist[7].

Where did Milton Friedman go to school?

Milton Friedman was educated at Rahway High School[18], Columbia University[19], Rutgers University[20], and University of Chicago[21].

What awards did Milton Friedman receive?

Honors received include Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel[24], National Medal of Science[25], Adam Smith Award[26], and John Bates Clark Medal[27].

Who did Milton Friedman influence?

Milton Friedman has been cited as an influence by Chicago Boys[82], George Stigler[84], Andrei Shleifer[90], and Henry Schultz[96].

What did Milton Friedman discover?

Milton Friedman is credited as discoverer of permanent income hypothesis[109] and school choice[110].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [2] . wikidata.org.
  2. [3] . Internet Archive. legacy.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  3. [10] . wikidata.org.
  4. [13] . news.bbc.co.uk. news.bbc.co.uk. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  5. [11] . wikidata.org.
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  15. [14] . wikidata.org.
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  17. [5] . Statistical Thinking and Methods in Quality Improvement: A Look to the Future. tandfonline.com. Provenance: wikidata.org.
  18. [6] . wikidata.org.
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  21. [9] . Find a Grave. Retrieved . wikidata.org.
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  24. [24] . nobelprize.org. Retrieved . nobelprize.org. Provenance: wikidata.org.
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  36. [52] . wikidata.org.
  37. [78] . wikidata.org.

Inverse relationships (entities pointing at this one)

  1. [82] . wikidata.org. → on this site
  2. [84] . wikidata.org. → on this site
  3. [90] . wikidata.org. → on this site
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  17. [79] . wikidata.org. → on this site
  18. [80] . wikidata.org. → on this site

Inline context (facts about related entities)

  1. [66] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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  3. [68] . Wikidata. wikidata.org. → on this site
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Class ancestry

  1. [1] . Wikidata. wikidata.org.

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [8] . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  2. [81] . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

📑 Cite this page

Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Milton Friedman. Retrieved April 18, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/milton-friedman
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BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_milton-friedman_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Milton Friedman}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/milton-friedman}, note = {Accessed: 2026-04-18}}
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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 6d ago · Nyuhn · 2026-07-12 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14541 jKvm6
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/41251|batch #41251]]: ZGBK ID"
  2. 10d ago · Susmuffin · 2026-07-08 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Harper's tag milton-friedman
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:1||1 */ [[Property:P13772]]: milton-friedman, Matched to [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/entry/289943179|milton friedman (#289943179)]] in [[:toollabs:mix-n-match/#/catalog/7915|Harper'"
  3. 5w ago · Jindřich Rubeš · 2026-06-11 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Svkkl authority id p0002400-Friedman-Milton-19122006
    Occupation economist, statistician, university teacher +1
    "/* wbcreateclaim-create:1| */ [[Property:P9322]]: p0002400-Friedman-Milton-19122006, [[:toollabs:quickstatements/#/batch/259496|batch #259496]]"
  4. 8w ago · Adriánmm9520 · 2026-05-19 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Copyright status as a creator Q73555012
    Local thumb
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1|1 */ [[Property:P101]]: [[Q39680]]"
  5. 10w ago · Bargioni · 2026-05-07 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Local thumb
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/30468|batch #30468]]: add P1810 to P5739 2/3"
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