Gertrude B. Elion

American biochemist and pharmacologist (1918–1999)
Person human Q35703
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Summary

Gertrude B. Elion was born on January 23, 1918[1], in New York City[2]. She died on February 21, 1999[3], in Chapel Hill[4]. She worked as a biochemist[5], pharmacologist[6], pharmacist[7], and university teacher[8]. She ranks in the top 0.71% of human entities by monthly Wikipedia readership (1,670 views/month, #7,084 of 1,000,298).[9]

Key Facts

  • Country of citizenship: United States[10]
  • Native language: American English[11]
  • Field of work: pharmacology[12], biochemistry[13]
  • Employer: Duke University[14]
  • Educated at: Hunter College[15], New York University[16], New York University Tandon School of Engineering[17], Walton High School[18], Jamaica High School[19]
  • Doctoral advisor: George H. Hitchings[20]
  • Award received: Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[21], National Women's Hall of Fame[22], National Medal of Science[23], Garvan–Olin Medal[24], National Inventors Hall of Fame[25], Lemelson–MIT Prize[26], Women in Technology Hall of Fame[27], Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences[28], Foreign Member of the Royal Society[29], North Carolina Award for Science[30]
  • Member of: National Academy of Sciences[31], American Academy of Arts and Sciences[32], National Academy of Medicine[33], American Association for the Advancement of Science[34], Royal Society[35]
  • Sex or gender: female[36]
  • Commons category: Gertrude Elion[37]
  • Family name: Elion[38]
  • Given name: Gertrude[39], Belle (given name)[40]
  • Described at URL: http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/elion-gertrude.pdf[41], https://herlegacymatters.de/beruehmte-frauen/gertrude-belle-elion-chemikerin-nobelpreistraegerin-erfinderin-wirkstoffe/[42]
  • Described by source: Forgotten Women: The Scientists[43], Women In Science[44]
  • Languages spoken, written or signed: English[45]
  • Birth name: Gertrude Belle Elion[46]
  • Name in native language: Gertrude Belle Elion[47]
  • Interested in: pharmacology[48]

Why It Matters

Gertrude B. Elion has Wikipedia articles in 29 language editions, a strong signal of global cultural recognition.[49] She is known by 58 alternative names across languages and contexts.[50]

FAQs

Where was Gertrude B. Elion born?

Gertrude B. Elion's place of birth was New York City[2].

Where did Gertrude B. Elion die?

Gertrude B. Elion died in Chapel Hill[4].

What did Gertrude B. Elion do for work?

Gertrude B. Elion worked as a biochemist[5], pharmacologist[6], pharmacist[7], and university teacher[8].

Where did Gertrude B. Elion go to school?

Gertrude B. Elion was educated at Hunter College[15], New York University[16], New York University Tandon School of Engineering[17], and Walton High School[18].

What awards did Gertrude B. Elion receive?

Honors received include Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine[21], National Women's Hall of Fame[22], National Medal of Science[23], and Garvan–Olin Medal[24].

References

Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.

Direct Wikidata claims

  1. [2] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  2. [4] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  3. [36] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  4. [10] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  5. [15] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  6. [16] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  7. [17] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  8. [18] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  9. [19] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  10. [12] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  11. [13] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  12. [11] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  13. [5] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  14. [6] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  15. [7] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  16. [8] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  17. [14] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  18. [21] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  19. [22] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  20. [23] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  21. [24] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  22. [25] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  23. [26] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  24. [27] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  25. [28] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  26. [29] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  27. [30] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  28. [20] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  29. [37] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  30. [31] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  31. [32] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  32. [33] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  33. [34] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  34. [35] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  35. [1] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  36. [3] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  37. [38] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  38. [39] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  39. [40] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  40. [41] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  41. [42] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  42. [43] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  43. [44] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  44. [45] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  45. [46] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  46. [47] ↑ . wikidata.org.
  47. [48] ↑ . wikidata.org.

Aggregate / graph-position facts

  1. [9] ↑ . Wikimedia Foundation. dumps.wikimedia.org.
  2. [49] ↑ . Wikidata sitelinks. wikidata.org.
  3. [50] ↑ . Wikidata aliases. wikidata.org.

📑 Cite this page

Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.

APA 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). Gertrude B. Elion. Retrieved October 13, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/gertrude-b-elion
MLA “Gertrude B. Elion.” 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph, 4ort.xyz, 13 Oct. 2026, https://4ort.xyz/entity/gertrude-b-elion.
BibTeX @misc{4ortxyz_gertrude-b-elion_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{Gertrude B. Elion}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/gertrude-b-elion}, note = {Accessed: 2026-10-13}}
LLM prompt According to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): Gertrude B. Elion — https://4ort.xyz/entity/gertrude-b-elion (retrieved 2026-10-13)

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Edit History

Rolling log of changes to this entity's Wikidata record. Values shown reflect the current state of each edited property — follow the history link to see the precise diff for any edit.

  1. 4w ago · Moerob · 2026-09-12 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Described at url → http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/m, https://herlegacymatters.de/beruehmte-frauen/gertrude-belle-
    "/* wbsetclaim-create:2||1 */ Described at url: https://herlegacymatters.de/beruehmte-frauen/gertrude-belle-elion-chemikerin-nobelpreistraegerin-erfinderin-wirkstoffe/"
  2. 13w ago · Nyuhn · 2026-07-10 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    P14541 → 2GRVC7, lYxmE
    "/* wbeditentity-update:0| */ QuickStatements 3.0 [[:toollabs:qs-dev/batch/40849|batch #40849]]: ZGBK ID"
  3. 21w ago · G.Tuono · 2026-05-14 view diff on Wikidata ↗
    Field of work → pharmacology, biochemistry
    Instance of → human
    Given name → Gertrude, Belle (given name)
    Member of → National Academy of Sciences, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, National Academy of Medicine +2
    + 30 other properties edited (see Wikidata diff for full list)
    "/* wbsetclaim-update:2||1 */ Place of birth: New York City"
Live feed via Wikidata EventStreams. New edits appear within minutes of being made on Wikidata.