Home ›
Entities
› academia
› A Novel Approach to Automated 3D Spalling Defects Inspection in Railway Tunnel Linings Using Laser Intensity and Depth Information
A Novel Approach to Automated 3D Spalling Defects Inspection in Railway Tunnel Linings Using Laser Intensity and Depth Information
Research article (Sensors, 2021) · cited 56× · AI/ML
A Novel Approach to Automated 3D Spalling Defects Inspection in Railway Tunnel Linings Using Laser Intensity and Depth Information
Summary
A Novel Approach to Automated 3D Spalling Defects Inspection in Railway Tunnel Linings Using Laser Intensity and Depth Information is a scholarly article[1].
Key Facts
A Novel Approach to Automated 3D Spalling Defects Inspection in Railway Tunnel Linings Using Laser Intensity and Depth Information's instance of is recorded as scholarly article[2].
References
Programmatic citations — every numbered marker resolves to a verifiable graph row below.
Use these citations when quoting this entity in research, articles, AI prompts, or wherever provenance matters. We aggregate Wikidata + Wikipedia + authoritative open-data sources; the stitched, scored, cross-referenced view is what 4ort.xyz contributes.
APA4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph. (2026). A Novel Approach to Automated 3D Spalling Defects Inspection in Railway Tunnel Linings Using Laser Intensity and Depth Information. Retrieved May 24, 2026, from https://4ort.xyz/entity/a-novel-approach-to-automated-3d-spalling-defects-inspection-in-railway-tunnel-linings-using-laser-intensity-and-depth-i
MLA“A Novel Approach to Automated 3D Spalling Defects Inspection in Railway Tunnel Linings Using Laser Intensity and Depth Information.” 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph, 4ort.xyz, 24 May. 2026, https://4ort.xyz/entity/a-novel-approach-to-automated-3d-spalling-defects-inspection-in-railway-tunnel-linings-using-laser-intensity-and-depth-i.
BibTeX@misc{4ortxyz_a-novel-approach-to-automated-3d-spalling-defects-inspection-in-railway-tunnel-linings-using-laser-intensity-and-depth-i_2026, author = {{4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph}}, title = {{A Novel Approach to Automated 3D Spalling Defects Inspection in Railway Tunnel Linings Using Laser Intensity and Depth Information}}, year = {2026}, url = {https://4ort.xyz/entity/a-novel-approach-to-automated-3d-spalling-defects-inspection-in-railway-tunnel-linings-using-laser-intensity-and-depth-i}, note = {Accessed: 2026-05-24}}
LLM promptAccording to 4ort.xyz Knowledge Graph (aggregator of Wikidata, Wikipedia, and authoritative open-data sources): A Novel Approach to Automated 3D Spalling Defects Inspection in Railway Tunnel Linings Using Laser Intensity and Depth Information — https://4ort.xyz/entity/a-novel-approach-to-automated-3d-spalling-defects-inspection-in-railway-tunnel-linings-using-laser-intensity-and-depth-i (retrieved 2026-05-24)
